\u00a0 \u00a0In the previous article, we tackled the end of the four emperors who had ruled the Roman Empire in the East and the West. However, the rule remained to be fourfold until Emperor Constantine assumed the power alone. History attaches much importance to Constantine, whose rule marked the beginning of the history of the Byzantine Empire established in the East. He was the last heathen emperor and the first emperor to follow Christianity.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantinus the Father; a Caesar then an Emperor (293 \u2013 306 AD)<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 285 AD, Diocletian appointed Commander Maximianus as a co ruler with him in the West, while Diocletian ruled the East. Each of them had his own royal responsibilities and the armies needed to manage the empire\u2019s affairs.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 288 AD, Emperor Maximianus appointed Constantinus, the imperial ruler of Gaul region (which includes now France, Belgium and the German part located west of the Rayne River). During this time, Constantinus got separated from Helena in order to get married to Theodora, the daughter of Emperor Maximianus\u2019 wife.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to the lack of trust among the emperors and Caesars ruling the empire, Constantine lived in the Diocletian\u2019s palace in order to guarantee that his father Constantinus would not betray him. In Diocletian\u2019s palace, Constantine received lofty education; he studied Latin literature, Greek language and Philosophy. In Nicomedia \u2013 the headquarters of Diocletian \u2013 Constantine met with the pagan and Christian scholars.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine was a prominent figure in the royal court, he led many of Diocletian\u2019s and Gallerius\u2019 wars in Asia; he fought the Berbers in Danube, the Persians in Syria under the leadership of Diocletian, and in the Mesopotamia region under the leadership of Gallerius, until he rose up to the rank \u201cfirst level military commander\u201d in 305 AD. Constantine was a contemporary of the horrific persecution period instigated in 303 AD against Christians by Diocletian.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 305 AD, Diocletian declared his desire to abdicate the throne, and at the same time, he declared Maximianus\u2019s abdication to the throne as well. The people thought that Diocletian would crown both Constantine and Maxintius, the son of Maximianus, as two successors for them. Nonetheless, he granted both Constantinus and Gallerius the title Caesar, then he appointed Severus and Maximianus II Daza as two Caesars. Thus, the rule of Rome remained to be fourfold.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine became a Caesar<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine joined his father in Gaul region, then they went to Britain where his father fell ill and died, after giving a will that his son should succeed him in ruling the country. The army crowned Constantine as an Emperor of Gaul region, Spain and Britain in 306 AD.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine sent a letter to Gallerius, informing him about his father\u2019s death and his coronation as an August, a legal heir to his father. Gallerius\u2019 rage was raised, yet his rejection meant only waging wars at that time, so he granted Severus the title of August, and Constantine the title of Caesar.<\/span><\/h2>\nMaxintius, the son of Maximianus, revolts against Constantine<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Maxintius felt jealousy of Constantine, so he proclaimed himself an Emperor. Gallerius rejected this act yet he couldn\u2019t prevent him, so he sent an army led by Severus, who was arrested and imprisoned by his army troops as they were loyal to Emperor Maximianus, Maxintius\u2019 father, who returned from his retirement due to his son\u2019s revolution. Maximianus convinced Constantine to support the power of Maxintius for getting married to Maximianus\u2019 daughter. Constantine agreed and did not engage in the war.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 308 AD, Gallerius held a meeting in the presence of Diocletian and Maximianus, which ended up by: compelling Maximianus to retire again and to leave the power, changing the title of Constantine from August \u2013 like his father\u2019s – to Caesar and appointing Licinius as an August of the West. This did not last for long as Constantine rejected it.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 310 AD, Maximianus revolted against Constantine while he was in a camp against the enemies. When Constantine was informed about such revolution, he left the camp and came back immediately to find Maximianus had fled to Marseille, France. In Marseille, the people of the city opened the rear gates to Emperor Constantine; he entered the city and arrested Maximianus who was taken back to Constantine\u2019s palace and then committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Another account of Maximianus\u2019 death tells that after Constantine forgave him, Maximianus plotted to kill Constantine while asleep, yet, Fosta knew about that and warned her husband Constantine. He made one of his servants to sleep in his bed, and once Maximianus realized that he had killed the servant, he immediately committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Fights Maxintius<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.almasryalyoum.com\/\/sites\/default\/files\/imagecache\/thumb_115_140\/lnb_rmy.jpg\")
<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0In 285 AD, Diocletian appointed Commander Maximianus as a co ruler with him in the West, while Diocletian ruled the East. Each of them had his own royal responsibilities and the armies needed to manage the empire\u2019s affairs.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 288 AD, Emperor Maximianus appointed Constantinus, the imperial ruler of Gaul region (which includes now France, Belgium and the German part located west of the Rayne River). During this time, Constantinus got separated from Helena in order to get married to Theodora, the daughter of Emperor Maximianus\u2019 wife.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to the lack of trust among the emperors and Caesars ruling the empire, Constantine lived in the Diocletian\u2019s palace in order to guarantee that his father Constantinus would not betray him. In Diocletian\u2019s palace, Constantine received lofty education; he studied Latin literature, Greek language and Philosophy. In Nicomedia \u2013 the headquarters of Diocletian \u2013 Constantine met with the pagan and Christian scholars.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine was a prominent figure in the royal court, he led many of Diocletian\u2019s and Gallerius\u2019 wars in Asia; he fought the Berbers in Danube, the Persians in Syria under the leadership of Diocletian, and in the Mesopotamia region under the leadership of Gallerius, until he rose up to the rank \u201cfirst level military commander\u201d in 305 AD. Constantine was a contemporary of the horrific persecution period instigated in 303 AD against Christians by Diocletian.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 305 AD, Diocletian declared his desire to abdicate the throne, and at the same time, he declared Maximianus\u2019s abdication to the throne as well. The people thought that Diocletian would crown both Constantine and Maxintius, the son of Maximianus, as two successors for them. Nonetheless, he granted both Constantinus and Gallerius the title Caesar, then he appointed Severus and Maximianus II Daza as two Caesars. Thus, the rule of Rome remained to be fourfold.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine became a Caesar<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine joined his father in Gaul region, then they went to Britain where his father fell ill and died, after giving a will that his son should succeed him in ruling the country. The army crowned Constantine as an Emperor of Gaul region, Spain and Britain in 306 AD.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine sent a letter to Gallerius, informing him about his father\u2019s death and his coronation as an August, a legal heir to his father. Gallerius\u2019 rage was raised, yet his rejection meant only waging wars at that time, so he granted Severus the title of August, and Constantine the title of Caesar.<\/span><\/h2>\nMaxintius, the son of Maximianus, revolts against Constantine<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Maxintius felt jealousy of Constantine, so he proclaimed himself an Emperor. Gallerius rejected this act yet he couldn\u2019t prevent him, so he sent an army led by Severus, who was arrested and imprisoned by his army troops as they were loyal to Emperor Maximianus, Maxintius\u2019 father, who returned from his retirement due to his son\u2019s revolution. Maximianus convinced Constantine to support the power of Maxintius for getting married to Maximianus\u2019 daughter. Constantine agreed and did not engage in the war.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 308 AD, Gallerius held a meeting in the presence of Diocletian and Maximianus, which ended up by: compelling Maximianus to retire again and to leave the power, changing the title of Constantine from August \u2013 like his father\u2019s – to Caesar and appointing Licinius as an August of the West. This did not last for long as Constantine rejected it.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 310 AD, Maximianus revolted against Constantine while he was in a camp against the enemies. When Constantine was informed about such revolution, he left the camp and came back immediately to find Maximianus had fled to Marseille, France. In Marseille, the people of the city opened the rear gates to Emperor Constantine; he entered the city and arrested Maximianus who was taken back to Constantine\u2019s palace and then committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Another account of Maximianus\u2019 death tells that after Constantine forgave him, Maximianus plotted to kill Constantine while asleep, yet, Fosta knew about that and warned her husband Constantine. He made one of his servants to sleep in his bed, and once Maximianus realized that he had killed the servant, he immediately committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Fights Maxintius<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0Due to the lack of trust among the emperors and Caesars ruling the empire, Constantine lived in the Diocletian\u2019s palace in order to guarantee that his father Constantinus would not betray him. In Diocletian\u2019s palace, Constantine received lofty education; he studied Latin literature, Greek language and Philosophy. In Nicomedia \u2013 the headquarters of Diocletian \u2013 Constantine met with the pagan and Christian scholars.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine was a prominent figure in the royal court, he led many of Diocletian\u2019s and Gallerius\u2019 wars in Asia; he fought the Berbers in Danube, the Persians in Syria under the leadership of Diocletian, and in the Mesopotamia region under the leadership of Gallerius, until he rose up to the rank \u201cfirst level military commander\u201d in 305 AD. Constantine was a contemporary of the horrific persecution period instigated in 303 AD against Christians by Diocletian.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 305 AD, Diocletian declared his desire to abdicate the throne, and at the same time, he declared Maximianus\u2019s abdication to the throne as well. The people thought that Diocletian would crown both Constantine and Maxintius, the son of Maximianus, as two successors for them. Nonetheless, he granted both Constantinus and Gallerius the title Caesar, then he appointed Severus and Maximianus II Daza as two Caesars. Thus, the rule of Rome remained to be fourfold.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine became a Caesar<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine joined his father in Gaul region, then they went to Britain where his father fell ill and died, after giving a will that his son should succeed him in ruling the country. The army crowned Constantine as an Emperor of Gaul region, Spain and Britain in 306 AD.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine sent a letter to Gallerius, informing him about his father\u2019s death and his coronation as an August, a legal heir to his father. Gallerius\u2019 rage was raised, yet his rejection meant only waging wars at that time, so he granted Severus the title of August, and Constantine the title of Caesar.<\/span><\/h2>\nMaxintius, the son of Maximianus, revolts against Constantine<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Maxintius felt jealousy of Constantine, so he proclaimed himself an Emperor. Gallerius rejected this act yet he couldn\u2019t prevent him, so he sent an army led by Severus, who was arrested and imprisoned by his army troops as they were loyal to Emperor Maximianus, Maxintius\u2019 father, who returned from his retirement due to his son\u2019s revolution. Maximianus convinced Constantine to support the power of Maxintius for getting married to Maximianus\u2019 daughter. Constantine agreed and did not engage in the war.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 308 AD, Gallerius held a meeting in the presence of Diocletian and Maximianus, which ended up by: compelling Maximianus to retire again and to leave the power, changing the title of Constantine from August \u2013 like his father\u2019s – to Caesar and appointing Licinius as an August of the West. This did not last for long as Constantine rejected it.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 310 AD, Maximianus revolted against Constantine while he was in a camp against the enemies. When Constantine was informed about such revolution, he left the camp and came back immediately to find Maximianus had fled to Marseille, France. In Marseille, the people of the city opened the rear gates to Emperor Constantine; he entered the city and arrested Maximianus who was taken back to Constantine\u2019s palace and then committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Another account of Maximianus\u2019 death tells that after Constantine forgave him, Maximianus plotted to kill Constantine while asleep, yet, Fosta knew about that and warned her husband Constantine. He made one of his servants to sleep in his bed, and once Maximianus realized that he had killed the servant, he immediately committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Fights Maxintius<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0In 305 AD, Diocletian declared his desire to abdicate the throne, and at the same time, he declared Maximianus\u2019s abdication to the throne as well. The people thought that Diocletian would crown both Constantine and Maxintius, the son of Maximianus, as two successors for them. Nonetheless, he granted both Constantinus and Gallerius the title Caesar, then he appointed Severus and Maximianus II Daza as two Caesars. Thus, the rule of Rome remained to be fourfold.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine became a Caesar<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine joined his father in Gaul region, then they went to Britain where his father fell ill and died, after giving a will that his son should succeed him in ruling the country. The army crowned Constantine as an Emperor of Gaul region, Spain and Britain in 306 AD.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine sent a letter to Gallerius, informing him about his father\u2019s death and his coronation as an August, a legal heir to his father. Gallerius\u2019 rage was raised, yet his rejection meant only waging wars at that time, so he granted Severus the title of August, and Constantine the title of Caesar.<\/span><\/h2>\nMaxintius, the son of Maximianus, revolts against Constantine<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Maxintius felt jealousy of Constantine, so he proclaimed himself an Emperor. Gallerius rejected this act yet he couldn\u2019t prevent him, so he sent an army led by Severus, who was arrested and imprisoned by his army troops as they were loyal to Emperor Maximianus, Maxintius\u2019 father, who returned from his retirement due to his son\u2019s revolution. Maximianus convinced Constantine to support the power of Maxintius for getting married to Maximianus\u2019 daughter. Constantine agreed and did not engage in the war.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 308 AD, Gallerius held a meeting in the presence of Diocletian and Maximianus, which ended up by: compelling Maximianus to retire again and to leave the power, changing the title of Constantine from August \u2013 like his father\u2019s – to Caesar and appointing Licinius as an August of the West. This did not last for long as Constantine rejected it.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 310 AD, Maximianus revolted against Constantine while he was in a camp against the enemies. When Constantine was informed about such revolution, he left the camp and came back immediately to find Maximianus had fled to Marseille, France. In Marseille, the people of the city opened the rear gates to Emperor Constantine; he entered the city and arrested Maximianus who was taken back to Constantine\u2019s palace and then committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Another account of Maximianus\u2019 death tells that after Constantine forgave him, Maximianus plotted to kill Constantine while asleep, yet, Fosta knew about that and warned her husband Constantine. He made one of his servants to sleep in his bed, and once Maximianus realized that he had killed the servant, he immediately committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Fights Maxintius<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine joined his father in Gaul region, then they went to Britain where his father fell ill and died, after giving a will that his son should succeed him in ruling the country. The army crowned Constantine as an Emperor of Gaul region, Spain and Britain in 306 AD.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Constantine sent a letter to Gallerius, informing him about his father\u2019s death and his coronation as an August, a legal heir to his father. Gallerius\u2019 rage was raised, yet his rejection meant only waging wars at that time, so he granted Severus the title of August, and Constantine the title of Caesar.<\/span><\/h2>\nMaxintius, the son of Maximianus, revolts against Constantine<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Maxintius felt jealousy of Constantine, so he proclaimed himself an Emperor. Gallerius rejected this act yet he couldn\u2019t prevent him, so he sent an army led by Severus, who was arrested and imprisoned by his army troops as they were loyal to Emperor Maximianus, Maxintius\u2019 father, who returned from his retirement due to his son\u2019s revolution. Maximianus convinced Constantine to support the power of Maxintius for getting married to Maximianus\u2019 daughter. Constantine agreed and did not engage in the war.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 308 AD, Gallerius held a meeting in the presence of Diocletian and Maximianus, which ended up by: compelling Maximianus to retire again and to leave the power, changing the title of Constantine from August \u2013 like his father\u2019s – to Caesar and appointing Licinius as an August of the West. This did not last for long as Constantine rejected it.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 310 AD, Maximianus revolted against Constantine while he was in a camp against the enemies. When Constantine was informed about such revolution, he left the camp and came back immediately to find Maximianus had fled to Marseille, France. In Marseille, the people of the city opened the rear gates to Emperor Constantine; he entered the city and arrested Maximianus who was taken back to Constantine\u2019s palace and then committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Another account of Maximianus\u2019 death tells that after Constantine forgave him, Maximianus plotted to kill Constantine while asleep, yet, Fosta knew about that and warned her husband Constantine. He made one of his servants to sleep in his bed, and once Maximianus realized that he had killed the servant, he immediately committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Fights Maxintius<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Maxintius, the son of Maximianus, revolts against Constantine<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Maxintius felt jealousy of Constantine, so he proclaimed himself an Emperor. Gallerius rejected this act yet he couldn\u2019t prevent him, so he sent an army led by Severus, who was arrested and imprisoned by his army troops as they were loyal to Emperor Maximianus, Maxintius\u2019 father, who returned from his retirement due to his son\u2019s revolution. Maximianus convinced Constantine to support the power of Maxintius for getting married to Maximianus\u2019 daughter. Constantine agreed and did not engage in the war.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 308 AD, Gallerius held a meeting in the presence of Diocletian and Maximianus, which ended up by: compelling Maximianus to retire again and to leave the power, changing the title of Constantine from August \u2013 like his father\u2019s – to Caesar and appointing Licinius as an August of the West. This did not last for long as Constantine rejected it.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 310 AD, Maximianus revolted against Constantine while he was in a camp against the enemies. When Constantine was informed about such revolution, he left the camp and came back immediately to find Maximianus had fled to Marseille, France. In Marseille, the people of the city opened the rear gates to Emperor Constantine; he entered the city and arrested Maximianus who was taken back to Constantine\u2019s palace and then committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Another account of Maximianus\u2019 death tells that after Constantine forgave him, Maximianus plotted to kill Constantine while asleep, yet, Fosta knew about that and warned her husband Constantine. He made one of his servants to sleep in his bed, and once Maximianus realized that he had killed the servant, he immediately committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Fights Maxintius<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0In 308 AD, Gallerius held a meeting in the presence of Diocletian and Maximianus, which ended up by: compelling Maximianus to retire again and to leave the power, changing the title of Constantine from August \u2013 like his father\u2019s – to Caesar and appointing Licinius as an August of the West. This did not last for long as Constantine rejected it.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 310 AD, Maximianus revolted against Constantine while he was in a camp against the enemies. When Constantine was informed about such revolution, he left the camp and came back immediately to find Maximianus had fled to Marseille, France. In Marseille, the people of the city opened the rear gates to Emperor Constantine; he entered the city and arrested Maximianus who was taken back to Constantine\u2019s palace and then committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Another account of Maximianus\u2019 death tells that after Constantine forgave him, Maximianus plotted to kill Constantine while asleep, yet, Fosta knew about that and warned her husband Constantine. He made one of his servants to sleep in his bed, and once Maximianus realized that he had killed the servant, he immediately committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Fights Maxintius<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0Another account of Maximianus\u2019 death tells that after Constantine forgave him, Maximianus plotted to kill Constantine while asleep, yet, Fosta knew about that and warned her husband Constantine. He made one of his servants to sleep in his bed, and once Maximianus realized that he had killed the servant, he immediately committed suicide.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Fights Maxintius<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0In 311 AD, Maxintius declared war against Constantine, taking his father\u2019s death a reason for the war, yet he received no support from his people in Italy while preparing for the war as his rule was unjust and oppressing to the flock. Declaring the war, Constantine formed an alliance with Licinius, which was deemed a disgrace by Maximianus II, who formed an alliance as well with Maxintius and supported him militarily.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Although Constantine had received several warnings from his advisers not to engage in a war against Maxintius, yet he decided to confront him in a war, acting indifferently to the warnings.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0The army of Constantine reached the battlefield with a sign that was odd to the Roman armies. Lactantius mentioned that Constantine had had a dream on the night before the war, commanding him to put the sign of the cross on his soldiers\u2019 shields. While Historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine had seen the sign of the cross in the sky, and heard a voice saying \u201cBy this, you shall overcome\u201d. Eusebius went on describing the events; referring to a dream followed in which Constantine saw Lord Christ asking him to make this sign to his soldiers.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Indeed, he ordered all his soldiers to put this sign on their shields, instead of the sign used before which was to an idol, he made himself a badge carrying the letters X and P, which are the first two letters of Lord Christ\u2019s name in Greek (Xpistos). Constantine achieved a great victory despite the firmness of Maxintius\u2019 armies which couldn\u2019t resist Constantine and his rushing soldiers, and thus, Maxintius\u2019 armies were broken and Maxintius himself drowned during his attempt to flee on the Tiber River\u2019s bridge.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0Due to his tolerant policies, the Roman Senate bestowed two titles on Constantine; \u201cthe Greatest of Caesars\u201d and \u201cthe Greatest Name\u201d which required writing his name first in any official paper. He issued a decree to restore all the possessions lost and to set free all the opposition imprisoned during Maxintius\u2019 reign.<\/span><\/h2>\nThe Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance 313 AD<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0In 313 AD, Constantine met Licinius in Milan, where he issued an edict known as the Edict of Milan; it was an official edict granting religious tolerance towards Christians. According to the edict, Christians enjoyed freedom in following the religion they wanted. It also granted Christians the right to restore all their possessions confiscated during the age of Diocletian. During that meeting, Licinius heard about the raid of Maximianus II on the European province, so he hurried with his army to fight him and he won the battle, arrested Maximianus II and threw him in prison. Maximianus II killed himself afterwards.<\/span><\/h2>\nA Civil War<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0No sooner had the country affairs settled, than Licinius felt jealousy and envy because of Constantine\u2019s high status, so he waged a war against him. In 320 AD, Licinius disobeyed the Edict of Milan for Religious Tolerance and re-persecuted the Christians. This turmoil led to a civil war waged in 324 AD, and ended in the defeat of Licinius and his death.<\/span><\/h2>\nConstantine Rules Alone and Builds Constantinople<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0Thus, Constantine became the only ruler of Rome, and a new phase begin to emerge in the East, in 330 AD, he established Constantinople city which became later the empire\u2019s capital in the East and it was called \u201cthe New Rome\u201d.<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Amid these events, Egypt was greatly impacted by these changes; it started to enjoy some quietness and peace after ten tough years dominated by unprecedented persecutions\u2026and\u2026<\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\u00a0 \u00a0Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!<\/span><\/h2>\nThe General Bishop<\/span><\/h2>\nHead of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Head of Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629 (30)<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2013<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
<\/h1>\n
\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u2013 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[6391,6389,12113,429,127,430,431],"class_list":["post-3198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-almasry-alyoum","tag-beautiful-egypt","tag-the-greatest-of-caesars","tag-429","tag-127","tag-430","tag-431"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3198"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63035,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3198\/revisions\/63035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/copticocc.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}