In the previous article we talked about the attempts of man to invent the computer and its journey of development through five generations. Through that journey of computers’ development, cell phones and internet network have emerged. Humans have reached high levels of techniques in communications which witnesses the start of the 5G nowadays; and all of that technical development and what will follow; aims to raise the efficiency of communications.
The Mobile radio telephone was considered a generation that preceded the first generation, and referred to as “0G” which started since 1946, it presented the cellular phones service (MTS), the car phones (ARP) and others.
Then the first generation emerged: “1G” which presented cell phones to humanity, through which a phone call can be made only. The first sparkle was in the United States of America in 1979 and that generation used a frequency estimated by (824-894) MHZ with a speed of data transfer that reached 144 kb/s.
In 1990, Finland presented the second generation “2G” which provided the cell phones to transmit text messages (SMS), as well as picture messages (MMS). The frequency used became (380-1800) MHZ, though the speed of transferring data was still 144 kb/s. And the main difference was in the signals between the two generations; as the first generation used the analogue signals which were changed to the digital signals in the second generation.
As for the third generation “3G”, the first sparkle was in Japan in 2001 and spread in Europe in 2003; using the spectrum of waves (900-1800) MHZ, for the speed of transferring data to be raised to 14 MB/s. It presented the ability to navigate the Internet, video calls and downloading the musical files which that generation was famous for. Besides voice calls, text and multimedia messages, in addition to sending pictures, data and using chat applications.
Then the sparkle of the fourth generation “4G” was in South Korea in 2009, to present high techniques in video calls and the speed of sending data reached 100 MB/s between any two points in the world with the spectrum of waves (800-2000) MHZ; for the internet to witness a huge maximum speed with high efficiency. That generation supported the mechanism of “IPv6” that allows the usage of a very huge number of devices.
By 2020, some countries of the world started to perform experience on the fifth generation techniques “5G”, which is considered way faster than the fourth generation “4G”; whereas the speed of transferring data reaches 1 GB/s, using the spectrum of waves (100-300) GHZ: which means that it is faster than the 4G at least a hundred times!
Technical experts mentioned that its speed may reach 1000 times as it is able to perform a 100 Billion operation/second!! With the emerge of the 5G, researches started to study the effect of its waves’ frequency on humans’ health and lives – which is in millimeters and equal to the microwave frequencies!
Nevertheless man’s attempts for development are restless; as the Japanese company NTT DoCoMo has declared a press release to promote for a 6G, communication system. It started doing researches since 2018, aiming to launch its networks by 2030.
Notably that Japanese company, which was established in 1991, built an experimental network for the fifth generation in 2017; on March this year, it established its own networks placing Japan among the first countries to launch the 5G network. Also the company launched the early earthquake warning system service and other services that warn preceding the occur of the natural disasters in facilities and regulate its evacuation.
The company mentioned in its release that it will continue enhancing the high speed connectivity with the huge ability and low dormant along with a huge number of communication devices with the 5G technique, in addition to continuing its researches and development of the 5G and the techniques of the 6G …….
Stories about Beautiful Egypt never end!
General Bishop
Head of the Coptic Orthodox Cultural Center
